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40 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
40 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
# R2 SQL Gotchas
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Operational pitfalls. For the authoritative list of supported features, unsupported features, and recommended workarounds, pull `https://developers.cloudflare.com/r2-sql/reference/limitations-best-practices/` and `https://developers.cloudflare.com/r2-sql/troubleshooting/`.
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## Access
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- **No Workers binding.** There is no `env.R2_SQL`. Query the REST endpoint via `fetch()` from a Worker ([patterns.md](patterns.md#dashboard-worker)), or use D1 / an external DB for OLTP.
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- Wrangler needs `WRANGLER_R2_SQL_AUTH_TOKEN` — it does **not** reuse the `wrangler login` OAuth session.
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- Open beta: R2 Storage **Admin Read & Write is required even for read-only** queries.
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## Type Safety
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```sql
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-- ❌ wrong -- ✅ right
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WHERE status = '200' WHERE status = 200
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WHERE ts > '2026-01-01' WHERE ts > '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' -- need time + tz
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WHERE method = GET WHERE method = 'GET'
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```
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No implicit conversions. Timestamps must be RFC3339 with timezone; dates ISO 8601.
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## Performance
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- **File count dominates latency** — enable automatic compaction.
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- **Partition-filter + narrow time windows + always `LIMIT`.**
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- **Multi-way JOINs on large tables** can exceed resource limits — filter heavily, join through dimension tables.
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- Per-query `metrics` (`files_scanned`, `bytes_scanned`, `cache_hits`) are the primary observability signal; `bytes_scanned` ≈ billable data. For LIMIT bounds, pagination, and other guidance, see the limitations-best-practices doc.
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## Debug Checklist
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1. `wrangler r2 bucket catalog enable <bucket>` — catalog on?
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2. `echo $WRANGLER_R2_SQL_AUTH_TOKEN` — token set?
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3. `SHOW DATABASES` → `SHOW TABLES IN ns` → `DESCRIBE ns.table`
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4. `SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ns.table` — data present?
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5. Add filters incrementally; read `metrics` to tune.
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## See Also
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- [api.md](api.md) · [patterns.md](patterns.md) · [configuration.md](configuration.md)
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