chore: clean up content phase organization

apps/docs/content/(02-nodal-grid)/matrix-index-math/73-set-matrix-zeroes.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+---
+title: '73. Set Matrix Zeroes'
+description: Given an m x n integer matrix matrix, if an element is 0, set its entire row and column to 0's
+sidebar:
+  label: 'Set Matrix Zeroes'
+  badge: 'Medium'
+---
+
+<Badge variant="accent">Array</Badge>
+
+::::warning
+You must do it in place.
+::::
+
+### Example 1:
+- Input: `matrix = [[1,1,1],[1,0,1],[1,1,1]]`
+- Output: `[[1,0,1],[0,0,0],[1,0,1]]`
+
+### Example 2:
+- Input: `matrix = [[0,1,2,0],[3,4,5,2],[1,3,1,5]]`
+- Output: `[[0,0,0,0],[0,4,5,0],[0,3,1,0]]`
+
+### Constraints:
+
+- `m == matrix.length`
+- `n == matrix[0].length`
+- `1 <= m, n <= 200`
+- `-2^31 <= matrix[i][j] <= 2^31 - 1`
+- A straightforward solution using O(mn) space is probably a bad idea.
+- A simple improvement uses O(m + n) space, but still not the best solution.
+- Could you devise a constant space solution?
+
+## Approach
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+  S(["setZeroes(matrix)"]) --> I["m = len(matrix), n = len(matrix[0])"]
+  I --> Z["row0_zero = any(matrix[0][c] == 0), col0_zero = any(matrix[r][0] == 0) — remember before they become markers"]
+  Z --> F{"more r in range(1, m)?"}
+  F -- yes --> G{"more c in range(1, n)?"}
+  G -- yes --> Q{"matrix[r][c] == 0?"}
+  Q -- yes --> M["matrix[r][0] = 0, matrix[0][c] = 0 — row 0 and column 0 are the marker lists"]
+  M --> G
+  Q -- no --> G
+  G -- no --> F
+  F -- no --> H{"more r in range(1, m)?"}
+  H -- yes --> J{"more c in range(1, n)?"}
+  J -- yes --> K{"matrix[r][0] == 0 or matrix[0][c] == 0?"}
+  K -- yes --> W["matrix[r][c] = 0"]
+  W --> J
+  K -- no --> J
+  J -- no --> H
+  H -- no --> A{"row0_zero?"}
+  A -- yes --> B["matrix[0][c] = 0 for c in range(n)"]
+  B --> C{"col0_zero?"}
+  A -- no --> C
+  C -- yes --> D["matrix[r][0] = 0 for r in range(m)"]
+  D --> E(["return None — zeroed in place"])
+  C -- no --> E
+```
+
+## Solution
+
+```py
+class Solution:
+    def setZeroes(self, matrix: List[List[int]]) -> None:
+        """
+        Do not return anything, modify matrix in-place instead.
+        """
+        m, n = len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
+
+        # 1. remember if row 0 or column 0 have their own zeros
+        row0_zero = any(matrix[0][c] == 0 for c in range(n))
+        col0_zero = any(matrix[r][0] == 0 for r in range(m))
+
+        # 2. use row 0 and column 0 as marker lists
+        for r in range(1, m):
+            for c in range(1, n):
+                if matrix[r][c] == 0:
+                    matrix[r][0] = 0
+                    matrix[0][c] = 0
+
+        # 3. zero the inner cells from the markers
+        for r in range(1, m):
+            for c in range(1, n):
+                if matrix[r][0] == 0 or matrix[0][c] == 0:
+                    matrix[r][c] = 0
+
+        # 4. handle row 0 and column 0 last
+        if row0_zero:
+            for c in range(n):
+                matrix[0][c] = 0
+        if col0_zero:
+            for r in range(m):
+                matrix[r][0] = 0
+```
+
+## Explanation
+
+<YouTube id="T41rL0L3Pnw" title="Set Matrix Zeroes - In-place - Leetcode 73" />