leetcode/apps/cli/sync.ts

#!/usr/bin/env bun
/**
 * Sync work/1 leetcode solutions into apps/docs/content/ pages.
 *
 * - New problems get a full page (frontmatter, warning, examples,
 *   constraints, solution) in the gold-standard format.
 * - Already-ported pages only get their script-owned parts regenerated — the
 *   frontmatter `icon:` (`PAGE_ICON`) and the `## Solution` section — so
 *   hand-curated prose is never touched.
 * - When a problem is solved in both JavaScript and Python the solution
 *   renders as a <CodeGroup> (Python first); single-language solutions
 *   render as a plain fence.
 * - Every page carries LeetCode's own topic tags as frontmatter `topics:`
 *   (`{ name, slug }` per tag, LeetCode's order), fetched from the GraphQL
 *   `topicTags` once — when the page is created, or on any later run that
 *   finds the key missing — and never refreshed after, so a sync with nothing
 *   new makes no request. Delete the key to refetch it. The page itself
 *   renders no badges: the docs MDX `wrapper`
 *   (`apps/docs/components/ProblemBadges.astro`) turns `topics:` and the
 *   `video:` key `videos.ts` writes into the badge row under the description.
 * - Every planned page (a problem the README plan lists) carries its GitHub
 *   problem issue as frontmatter `issue:` (the URL of the `problem`-labelled
 *   issue titled `LC <num> · …`), rendered by the same wrapper as a GitHub
 *   badge after the others; an unplanned warm-up has no catalog issue and no
 *   key. Like `topics:` it is filled once — on create, or on any run that
 *   finds it missing — and the issue list is fetched only on such a run
 *   (never on a sync with nothing new); offline, or with no `gh` auth, the
 *   page is written without it and the next sync retries. Delete the key to
 *   refetch it.
 * - Every tag a page carries that no campaign topic teaches (not a key of
 *   `apps/docs/topic-landings.ts`) belongs in the Appendix glossary,
 *   `apps/docs/appendix.ts`, which is hand-written: sync only checks it,
 *   warning about a carried tag with no term (its badge falls back to
 *   LeetCode's list), a term whose tag a topic now teaches, and a term icon
 *   that is missing, a topic's (`TOPIC_ICONS`), or another term's — every
 *   badge linking to the term shows it.
 *
 * The sidebar group is the campaign TOPIC from the README table (`tree-dfs/`,
 * ordered by topic number via a script-owned `meta.ts`). A problem outside the
 * plan (warm-ups) has no topic, so it groups under the data-structure CATEGORY
 * its file sits under in `work/1/<Difficulty>/<Category>/` instead.
 *
 * Topics nest under their README PHASE: `(01-linear-structures)/tree-dfs/`.
 * The phase folder is a Blume `(group)` — a sidebar section adding no route
 * segment — while the topic folder is a real segment
 * (`/tree-dfs/invert-binary-tree`), so a hand-written `index.mdx` in it is the
 * topic's landing page at `/tree-dfs` and Blume links the sidebar group row to
 * it. The topic's problem pages sit one level down in a `(problems)` group,
 * `tree-dfs/(problems)/226_invert-binary-tree.mdx`: no route segment either,
 * and Blume strips the `<num>_` prefix from the route while sorting by it, so
 * the URL is still `/tree-dfs/invert-binary-tree`. Sync never writes or moves
 * an `index.mdx`, and never removes a folder that still holds one. A phase
 * folder's `meta.ts` is written once, when missing, then hand-owned (its
 * title is yours to rename); a topic's is script-owned. An unplanned category
 * group has no phase and sits at the content root.
 *
 * Only the first-solve bucket is read: work/3 and work/7 hold blind re-solves
 * of problems whose page already exists (see work.ts), and a fresh scaffold
 * there would otherwise wipe the page's `## Solution`.
 *
 * Every page also gets a short link: `/<num>` → `/<topic>/<slug>` (so
 * `/leetcode/217` opens Contains Duplicate). The rules live in the generated
 * `apps/docs/redirects.ts`, which `blume.config.ts` imports — Blume takes exact
 * root-relative paths and prepends the deployment base itself.
 */
import { mkdir, readdir, rename, rmdir, unlink } from "node:fs/promises";
import { basename, dirname, join } from "node:path";

import { APPENDIX } from "../docs/appendix.ts";
import { TOPIC_LANDINGS } from "../docs/topic-landings.ts";
import { github } from "./github.ts";

const ROOT = join(import.meta.dir, "..", "..");
const WORK = join(ROOT, "work", "1");
const DOCS = join(ROOT, "apps", "docs", "content");
const REDIRECTS = join(ROOT, "apps", "docs", "redirects.ts");

type Lang = "js" | "py";

interface Example {
  input: string;
  output: string;
  explanation: string[]; // [] = none; 1 entry = inline; >1 = bullet list
}

interface Header {
  num: number;
  title: string;
  difficulty: string;
  statement: string[]; // unwrapped paragraphs
  examples: Example[];
  constraints: string[];
  followUp: string;
}

interface Solution {
  num: number;
  slug: string;
  category: string;
  header: Header;
  code: Partial<Record<Lang, string>>;
}

// ── work/ parsing ────────────────────────────────────────────────

/** Split a source file into (header comment text, code). */
function splitSource(
  src: string,
  lang: Lang,
): { header: string; code: string } {
  let header: string, code: string;
  if (lang === "js") {
    const end = src.indexOf("*/");
    if (!src.trimStart().startsWith("/*") || end === -1)
      throw new Error("missing /* header */");
    header = src
      .slice(src.indexOf("/*") + 2, end)
      .split("\n")
      .map((l) => l.replace(/^\s*\* ?/, ""))
      .join("\n");
    code = src.slice(end + 2);
  } else {
    const open = src.indexOf('"""');
    const close = src.indexOf('"""', open + 3);
    if (open === -1 || close === -1) throw new Error('missing """ header """');
    header = src.slice(open + 3, close);
    code = src.slice(close + 3);
  }
  return { header, code: code.replace(/^\s*\n/, "").trimEnd() };
}

/** Unwrap hard-wrapped lines into logical paragraphs / bullets. */
function paragraphs(lines: string[]): string[] {
  const out: string[] = [];
  let cur = "";
  const flush = () => {
    if (cur) out.push(cur);
    cur = "";
  };
  for (const raw of lines) {
    const line = raw.replace(/\t/g, " ").trimEnd();
    const text = line.trim();
    if (!text || /^[─-]{3,}$/.test(text)) {
      flush();
      continue;
    }
    if (
      /^([•-] |Input:|Output:|Explanation:|Example \d+:|Constraints:|Follow[- ]?ups?:)/.test(
        text,
      )
    ) {
      flush();
      cur = text;
    } else {
      cur = cur ? `${cur} ${text}` : text;
    }
  }
  flush();
  return out;
}

function parseHeader(header: string): Header {
  const lines = header.split("\n");
  const titleLine = lines.find((l) => /^\s*\d+\.\s/.test(l))?.trim();
  if (!titleLine) throw new Error("missing '<num>. <title>' line");
  const num = Number.parseInt(titleLine, 10);
  const title = titleLine.replace(/^\d+\.\s*/, "");
  const difficulty =
    lines
      .find((l) => l.trim().startsWith("Difficulty:"))
      ?.split(":")[1]
      ?.trim() ?? "";

  // Body: everything after the ───── separator.
  const sep = lines.findIndex((l) => /^[─]{3,}/.test(l.trim()));
  const paras = paragraphs(lines.slice(sep + 1));

  const statement: string[] = [];
  const examples: Example[] = [];
  const constraints: string[] = [];
  let followUp = "";
  let section: "statement" | "example" | "constraints" = "statement";
  let ex: Example | null = null;

  for (const p of paras) {
    if (/^Example \d+:?$/.test(p)) {
      if (ex) examples.push(ex);
      ex = { input: "", output: "", explanation: [] };
      section = "example";
      continue;
    }
    if (/^Constraints:$/.test(p)) {
      if (ex) examples.push(ex);
      ex = null;
      section = "constraints";
      continue;
    }
    const fu = p.match(/^Follow[- ]?ups?:\s*(.*)$/i);
    if (fu) {
      followUp = fu[1]!;
      continue;
    }
    if (section === "statement") statement.push(p.replace(/^• /, ""));
    else if (section === "constraints") constraints.push(p.replace(/^• /, ""));
    else if (ex) {
      // Example paragraphs: Input/Output/Explanation, wrapped arbitrarily.
      // A paragraph may fuse "Input: … Output: …" only across real lines,
      // but source always keeps them on separate wrapped paragraphs.
      if (p.startsWith("Input:")) ex.input = p.slice(6).trim();
      else if (p.startsWith("Output:")) ex.output = p.slice(7).trim();
      else if (p.startsWith("Explanation:")) {
        const rest = p.slice(12).trim();
        if (rest) ex.explanation.push(rest);
      } else if (p.startsWith("- ")) ex.explanation.push(p.slice(2));
      else if (ex.explanation.length)
        ex.explanation[ex.explanation.length - 1] += ` ${p}`;
      else ex.explanation.push(p);
    }
  }
  if (ex) examples.push(ex);
  return { num, title, difficulty, statement, examples, constraints, followUp };
}

// ── README topic map ─────────────────────────────────────────────

/** A campaign phase: `## Phase N — Name · Weeks …` in the README. */
interface Phase {
  order: number;
  name: string;
}

/** A campaign topic: `<strong>NN. Name</strong>` in the README table. */
interface Topic {
  order?: number; // README topic number; absent for an unplanned problem's category group
  name: string;
  phase?: Phase; // absent for an unplanned category group
}

/** README phase names → the short labels the overview page uses. */
const PHASE_ALIASES: Record<string, string> = {
  "Nodal & Grid Structures": "Nodal & Grid",
  "Hierarchical Structures": "Hierarchical",
  "Relational Structures": "Relational",
  "Decision-Space Exploration": "Decision Space",
};

const ROMAN = ["I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X"];

const TOPIC_ALIASES: Record<string, string> = {
  "Hash-Based Lookup": "Hash Table",
};

/**
 * Sidebar icon per group, keyed by the (post-alias) topic name — the same key an
 * unplanned problem's category group uses, so `Stack` the category and `Stack`
 * the topic share one row. Lucide names; Blume resolves them at build time and
 * reports a diagnostic for a typo, but an unmapped group is caught here first.
 */
const TOPIC_ICONS: Record<string, string> = {
  // README topics, in curriculum order
  "Hash Table": "hash",
  "Prefix Sum": "sigma",
  "Two Pointers": "arrow-left-right",
  "Sliding Window": "app-window",
  "Binary Search": "search",
  Stack: "layers",
  "Monotonic Stack": "trending-up",
  "Linked List": "link",
  "Hybrid Structures": "combine",
  "Matrix Index Math": "grid-3x3",
  "Tree DFS": "folder-tree",
  "Tree BFS": "network",
  "Binary Search Tree": "git-fork",
  "Heap / Priority Queue": "triangle",
  Trie: "spell-check",
  "Graph DFS": "waypoints",
  "Graph BFS": "radar",
  "Topological Sort": "workflow",
  "Union-Find": "merge",
  Backtracking: "undo-2",
  "1-D Dynamic Programming": "columns-3",
  "Multi-D / Grid DP": "table",
  Greedy: "coins",
  Intervals: "calendar-range",
  // work/1 categories that can surface as an unplanned group
  Array: "brackets",
  String: "type",
  Tree: "network",
  "Depth-First Search": "folder-tree",
};

/** LC number -> topic. A problem listed under two topics keeps the first. */
async function readmeTopics(): Promise<Map<number, Topic>> {
  const md = await Bun.file(join(ROOT, "README.md")).text();
  const map = new Map<number, Topic>();
  let phase: Phase | undefined;
  let topic: Topic | null = null;
  for (const line of md.split("\n")) {
    const p = line.match(/^## Phase ([IVX]+) — (.+?) · /);
    if (p) {
      const name = p[2]!.replaceAll("&amp;", "&");
      phase = {
        order: ROMAN.indexOf(p[1]!) + 1,
        name: PHASE_ALIASES[name] ?? name,
      };
    }
    const t = line.match(/<strong>(\d+)\.\s*([^<]+)<\/strong>/);
    if (t)
      topic = {
        order: Number(t[1]),
        name: TOPIC_ALIASES[t[2]!.trim()] ?? t[2]!.trim(),
        phase,
      };
    if (!topic) continue;
    const n = line.match(/<td align="center">(\d+)<\/td>/);
    if (n && !map.has(Number(n[1]))) map.set(Number(n[1]), topic);
  }
  return map;
}

/**
 * Folder slug for a topic or phase name. Blume reads a leading `<digits>-` on a
 * folder as a sidebar-order prefix and strips it from the route (`1-d-…` →
 * `/d-…`), so a slug that would start that way keeps the digits glued to the
 * next token (`1d-dynamic-programming`).
 */
function slugify(name: string): string {
  return name
    .toLowerCase()
    .replace(/[^a-z0-9]+/g, "-")
    .replace(/^-|-$/g, "")
    .replace(/^(\d+)-/, "$1");
}

/**
 * Content folder for a topic, relative to `DOCS`: `(0N-<phase>)/<topic>` for a
 * planned topic (the phase is a `(group)`, so the route is still `/<topic>`),
 * bare `<topic>` for an unplanned category group.
 */
function topicDir(topic: Topic): string {
  const slug = slugify(topic.name);
  return topic.phase ? `${phaseDir(topic.phase)}/${slug}` : slug;
}

function phaseDir(phase: Phase): string {
  return `(${String(phase.order).padStart(2, "0")}-${slugify(phase.name)})`;
}

/**
 * Blume `(group)` meta for a phase: the overview page's heading, in phase
 * order. Written only when the folder has none — the title is hand-owned after
 * that. Nothing is lost by never rewriting it: the order and name it is built
 * from are also the folder name (`phaseDir`), so a README change to either
 * lands in a new folder that gets a fresh meta.
 */
function phaseMeta(phase: Phase): string {
  return `import { defineMeta } from "blume";\n\nexport default defineMeta({ title: ${JSON.stringify(`Phase ${phase.order}: ${phase.name}`)}, order: ${phase.order} });\n`;
}

/**
 * Blume folder meta for a topic: exact label (the folder slug loses `/` and
 * case), curriculum order, the sidebar icon, and `display: "page"` so the
 * topic is one row under its phase heading that drills into its own panel
 * (the landing page, then its `(problems)` list). An unplanned category group
 * (warm-ups) has no README number and sorts at 0, ahead of phase 1, so the
 * sidebar opens on the basics.
 */
function groupMeta(topic: Topic): string {
  const icon = TOPIC_ICONS[topic.name];
  if (!icon)
    console.warn(
      `no icon for group ${JSON.stringify(topic.name)}: add it to TOPIC_ICONS`,
    );
  const fields = [
    `title: ${JSON.stringify(topic.name)}`,
    `order: ${topic.order ?? 0}`,
  ];
  if (icon) fields.push(`icon: ${JSON.stringify(icon)}`);
  fields.push(`display: "group"`);
  return `import { defineMeta } from "blume";\n\nexport default defineMeta({ ${fields.join(", ")} });\n`;
}

// ── LeetCode topic tags ──────────────────────────────────────────

/** One of LeetCode's topic tags. `slug` is not derivable from `name` (`Graph Theory` → `graph`). */
interface TopicTag {
  name: string;
  slug: string;
}

/**
 * The problem's topic tags, in LeetCode's order — or undefined, warned, when
 * LeetCode cannot answer (offline commit, unknown slug): the page is written
 * without `topics:` and the next sync fills it in.
 */
async function fetchTopicTags(sol: Solution): Promise<TopicTag[] | undefined> {
  try {
    const res = await fetch("https://leetcode.com/graphql", {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        "content-type": "application/json",
        "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0",
        referer: `https://leetcode.com/problems/${sol.slug}/`,
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        query:
          "query topicTags($titleSlug: String!) { question(titleSlug: $titleSlug) { topicTags { name slug } } }",
        variables: { titleSlug: sol.slug },
      }),
    });
    if (!res.ok)
      throw new Error(`POST /graphql -> ${res.status} ${res.statusText}`);
    const data = (await res.json()) as {
      data?: { question?: { topicTags?: TopicTag[] } | null };
    };
    const tags = data.data?.question?.topicTags;
    if (!Array.isArray(tags))
      throw new Error("POST /graphql -> no such question");
    return tags.map(({ name, slug }) => ({ name, slug }));
  } catch (err) {
    console.warn(
      `no topics for ${sol.num}.${sol.slug}: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}`,
    );
    return undefined;
  }
}

/** The frontmatter `topics:` block, one flow mapping per tag (JSON strings are valid YAML). */
function topicsYaml(tags: TopicTag[]): string {
  if (tags.length === 0) return "topics: []";
  return [
    "topics:",
    ...tags.map(
      (t) =>
        `  - { name: ${JSON.stringify(t.name)}, slug: ${JSON.stringify(t.slug)} }`,
    ),
  ].join("\n");
}

/** The frontmatter's `topics:` as sync wrote them (or a human edited them); [] when absent. */
function frontmatterTopics(page: string): TopicTag[] {
  const fm = page.match(/^---\n([\s\S]*?)\n---/)?.[1];
  const data: unknown = fm ? Bun.YAML.parse(fm) : undefined;
  if (
    !data ||
    typeof data !== "object" ||
    !("topics" in data) ||
    !Array.isArray(data.topics)
  )
    return [];
  return data.topics.filter(
    (t): t is TopicTag =>
      typeof t?.name === "string" && typeof t?.slug === "string",
  );
}

// ── GitHub problem issues ────────────────────────────────────────

let issueUrls: Promise<Map<number, string> | undefined> | undefined;

/**
 * LC number → the URL of its `problem` issue (`LC <num> · <Name>`, open or
 * closed), listed once per run and only when a page first needs it — or
 * undefined, warned, when GitHub cannot answer (offline commit, no `gh`
 * auth): pages go without `issue:` and the next sync fills it in.
 */
function problemIssues(): Promise<Map<number, string> | undefined> {
  issueUrls ??= (async () => {
    try {
      const gh = await github();
      const urls = new Map<number, string>();
      for await (const raw of gh.list(
        `/repos/${gh.repo}/issues?labels=problem&state=all`,
      )) {
        if (!raw || typeof raw !== "object" || "pull_request" in raw) continue;
        if (!("title" in raw) || typeof raw.title !== "string") continue;
        if (!("html_url" in raw) || typeof raw.html_url !== "string") continue;
        const lc = raw.title.match(/^LC (\d+) · /)?.[1];
        if (lc && !urls.has(Number(lc))) urls.set(Number(lc), raw.html_url);
      }
      return urls;
    } catch (err) {
      console.warn(
        `no problem issues: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}`,
      );
      return undefined;
    }
  })();
  return issueUrls;
}

/**
 * The problem's issue URL, or undefined (warned when GitHub answered but has
 * no such issue). Only a problem the README plan lists has a catalog issue;
 * an unplanned warm-up never will, so it is not looked up — otherwise its
 * missing key would re-list the issues and re-warn on every sync.
 */
async function issueUrl(sol: Solution): Promise<string | undefined> {
  if (!topics.has(sol.num)) return undefined;
  const urls = await problemIssues();
  const url = urls?.get(sol.num);
  if (urls && !url)
    console.warn(
      `no problem issue titled "LC ${sol.num} · …" for ${sol.num}.${sol.slug}`,
    );
  return url;
}

// ── inline-code formatting heuristics ────────────────────────────

/** Identifiers worth backticking in prose, harvested from the code. */
function identifiers(sol: Solution): Set<string> {
  const ids = new Set<string>(["n", "m", "k"]);
  for (const code of Object.values(sol.code)) {
    for (const m of code.matchAll(/@param\s*\{[^}]*\}\s*(\w+)/g))
      ids.add(m[1]!);
    for (const m of code.matchAll(/def \w+\(self,?\s*([^)]*)\)/g))
      for (const arg of m[1]!.split(","))
        if (arg.trim()) ids.add(arg.split(":")[0]!.trim());
    for (const m of code.matchAll(
      /(?:var|const|let) (\w+) = function\s*\(([^)]*)\)/g,
    ))
      for (const arg of m[2]!.split(",")) if (arg.trim()) ids.add(arg.trim());
  }
  return ids;
}

function formatConstraint(c: string, ids: Set<string>): string {
  if (/<=|>=|==|!=|<|>/.test(c)) return `\`${c}\``;
  // Prose constraint: backtick identifier-ish tokens only.
  return c
    .split(" ")
    .map((word) => {
      const m = word.match(/^([\w.]+(?:\[[^\]]*\])?)([.,;:]?)$/);
      if (!m) return word;
      const [, tok, punct] = m;
      if (/\[[^\]]*\]/.test(tok!) || ids.has(tok!)) return `\`${tok}\`${punct}`;
      return word;
    })
    .join(" ");
}

/** Wrap value literals / expressions in an explanation sentence. */
function backtickify(text: string, ids: Set<string>): string {
  const words = text.split(" ");
  type Tok = { pre: string; core: string; post: string; codey: boolean };
  const toks: Tok[] = words.map((w) => {
    const m = w.match(/^([("']*)(.*?)([)"'.,;:!?]*)$/)!;
    const core = m[2]!;
    const codey =
      /^-?\d+(\.\d+)?([+\-*/]-?\d+(\.\d+)?)*$/.test(core) || // number / compact arithmetic
      /^\[[^\]]*\]$/.test(core) || // array literal
      /^[a-zA-Z_]\w*\[[^\]]*\]$/.test(core) || // indexed identifier
      /^[+\-*/=%]$/.test(core) || // operator
      ids.has(core);
    return { pre: m[1]!, core, post: m[3]!, codey };
  });

  const out: string[] = [];
  let i = 0;
  while (i < toks.length) {
    if (!toks[i]!.codey || /^[+\-*/=%]$/.test(toks[i]!.core)) {
      out.push(words[i]!); // prose, or an operator with no codey run to its left
      i++;
      continue;
    }
    // Extend a run of codey tokens; only unbroken by punctuation.
    let j = i;
    while (
      j + 1 < toks.length &&
      toks[j + 1]!.codey &&
      !toks[j]!.post && // punctuation after a token ends the run
      !toks[j + 1]!.pre.includes('"')
    )
      j++;
    // Trim trailing operators from the run (e.g. "5 and" keeps "and" out anyway).
    while (j > i && /^[+\-*/=%]$/.test(toks[j]!.core)) j--;
    const span = toks
      .slice(i, j + 1)
      .map((tok, idx, arr) =>
        idx === arr.length - 1
          ? `${tok.pre}${tok.core}`
          : `${tok.pre}${tok.core}${tok.post}`,
      )
      .join(" ");
    out.push(`\`${span}\`${toks[j]!.post}`);
    i = j + 1;
  }
  return out.join(" ");
}

// ── page rendering ───────────────────────────────────────────────

const FENCE: Record<Lang, { info: string; label: string }> = {
  py: { info: "py", label: "Python" },
  js: { info: "js", label: "JavaScript" },
};

function solutionSection(sol: Solution): string {
  const langs = (["py", "js"] as const).filter((l) => sol.code[l]);
  const fence = (l: Lang, titled: boolean) =>
    `\`\`\`${FENCE[l].info}${titled ? ` ${FENCE[l].label}` : ""}\n${sol.code[l]}\n\`\`\``;
  if (langs.length === 1) return `## Solution\n\n${fence(langs[0]!, false)}\n`;
  return `## Solution\n\n<CodeGroup>\n\n${langs.map((l) => fence(l, true)).join("\n\n")}\n\n</CodeGroup>\n`;
}

function warningText(h: Header): string {
  if (h.followUp) return h.followUp;
  return (
    h.statement
      .slice(1)
      .find((p) =>
        /^(You must|Your solution must|Your algorithm|Notice that|Could you)/.test(
          p,
        ),
      ) ?? ""
  );
}

/** Sidebar/page icon for every problem page (Lucide, resolved by Blume). */
const PAGE_ICON = "dot";

function renderPage(
  sol: Solution,
  tags: TopicTag[] | undefined,
  issue: string | undefined,
): string {
  const h = sol.header;
  const ids = identifiers(sol);
  const description = h.statement[0]?.replace(/\.\s*$/, "") ?? "";
  const parts: string[] = [];

  parts.push(
    "---",
    `title: '${h.num}. ${h.title.replaceAll("'", "''")}'`,
    /[:#]/.test(description)
      ? `description: '${description.replaceAll("'", "''")}'`
      : `description: ${description}`,
    `icon: ${PAGE_ICON}`,
    ...(tags ? [topicsYaml(tags)] : []),
    ...(issue ? [`issue: ${JSON.stringify(issue)}`] : []),
    "sidebar:",
    `  label: '${h.title.replaceAll("'", "''")}'`,
    `  badge: '${h.difficulty}'`,
    "---",
    "",
  );

  const warning = warningText(h);
  if (warning) parts.push("::::warning", warning, "::::", "");

  h.examples.forEach((ex, i) => {
    parts.push(`### Example ${i + 1}:`);
    parts.push(`- Input: \`${ex.input}\``);
    parts.push(`- Output: \`${ex.output}\``);
    if (ex.explanation.length === 1)
      parts.push(`- Explanation: ${backtickify(ex.explanation[0]!, ids)}`);
    else if (ex.explanation.length > 1) {
      parts.push("- Explanation:");
      for (const item of ex.explanation)
        parts.push(`  - ${backtickify(item, ids)}`);
    }
    parts.push("");
  });

  parts.push("### Constraints:", "");
  for (const c of h.constraints) parts.push(`- ${formatConstraint(c, ids)}`);
  parts.push("", solutionSection(sol));

  return parts.join("\n");
}

// ── main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

const solutions = new Map<number, Solution>();
for await (const rel of new Bun.Glob("**/*.{js,py}").scan(WORK)) {
  const lang = rel.endsWith(".py") ? "py" : ("js" as Lang);
  const file = basename(rel);
  const m = file.match(/^(\d+)\.(.+)\.(?:js|py)$/);
  if (!m) {
    console.warn(`skip (unrecognized name): work/1/${rel}`);
    continue;
  }
  const num = Number(m[1]);
  const slug = m[2]!;
  const { header, code } = splitSource(
    await Bun.file(join(WORK, rel)).text(),
    lang,
  );
  const parsed = parseHeader(header);
  const existing = solutions.get(num);
  if (existing) {
    existing.code[lang] = code;
    if (lang === "js") existing.header = parsed; // js header wins when both exist
  } else {
    solutions.set(num, {
      num,
      slug,
      category: rel.split("/")[1] ?? "",
      header: parsed,
      code: { [lang]: code },
    });
  }
}

const topics = await readmeTopics();
// An unplanned problem whose work/ category is also a README topic name (a
// `Hash Table` warm-up) files under that topic, in its phase, not a second
// root-level `hash-table/`.
const topicByName = new Map<string, Topic>();
for (const topic of topics.values()) topicByName.set(topic.name, topic);

/** Insert a number-free `sidebar.label` into existing frontmatter when missing. */
function ensureLabel(page: string, h: Header): string {
  const fm = page.match(/^---\n[\s\S]*?\n---/);
  if (!fm || /^ {2}label: /m.test(fm[0])) return page;
  const label = `  label: '${h.title.replaceAll("'", "''")}'`;
  return page.replace(/^sidebar:$/m, `sidebar:\n${label}`);
}

/** Set the frontmatter's top-level `icon:` to `PAGE_ICON`, inserting it before `sidebar:`. */
function ensureIcon(page: string): string {
  const fm = page.match(/^---\n[\s\S]*?\n---/);
  if (!fm) return page;
  const line = `icon: ${PAGE_ICON}`;
  const next = /^icon: .*$/m.test(fm[0])
    ? fm[0].replace(/^icon: .*$/m, line)
    : fm[0].replace(/^sidebar:$/m, `${line}\nsidebar:`);
  return next + page.slice(fm[0].length);
}

/** Insert `topics:` before `sidebar:` when the frontmatter lacks it; an existing list is kept as is. */
async function ensureTopics(page: string, sol: Solution): Promise<string> {
  const fm = page.match(/^---\n[\s\S]*?\n---/);
  if (!fm || /^topics:/m.test(fm[0])) return page;
  const tags = await fetchTopicTags(sol);
  if (!tags) return page;
  return (
    fm[0].replace(/^sidebar:$/m, `${topicsYaml(tags)}\nsidebar:`) +
    page.slice(fm[0].length)
  );
}

/** Insert `issue:` before `sidebar:` when the frontmatter lacks it; an existing URL is kept as is. */
async function ensureIssue(page: string, sol: Solution): Promise<string> {
  const fm = page.match(/^---\n[\s\S]*?\n---/);
  if (!fm || /^issue:/m.test(fm[0])) return page;
  const url = await issueUrl(sol);
  if (!url) return page;
  return (
    fm[0].replace(/^sidebar:$/m, `issue: ${JSON.stringify(url)}\nsidebar:`) +
    page.slice(fm[0].length)
  );
}

/**
 * Offset just past the script-owned `## Solution` section: the next top-level
 * heading that is not inside a code fence, or end of file. Sections a human
 * appends after the solution survive regeneration.
 */
function solutionEnd(page: string, from: number): number {
  const lines = page.slice(from).split("\n");
  let offset = from + lines[0]!.length + 1; // past the '## Solution' line itself
  let fenced = false;
  for (let i = 1; i < lines.length; i++) {
    const line = lines[i]!;
    if (line.startsWith("```")) fenced = !fenced;
    else if (!fenced && line.startsWith("## ")) return offset;
    offset += line.length + 1;
  }
  return page.length;
}

// Existing docs pages, keyed by leetcode number from the frontmatter title.
const pages = new Map<number, string>(); // num -> path relative to DOCS
for (const rel of (
  await Array.fromAsync(new Bun.Glob("**/*.mdx").scan(DOCS))
).sort()) {
  const text = await Bun.file(join(DOCS, rel)).text();
  const t = text.match(/^title: '(\d+)\./m);
  if (t) pages.set(Number(t[1]), rel);
}

const report: [string, string, string][] = [];
const ordered = [...solutions.values()].sort((a, b) => a.num - b.num);
const groups = new Map<string, Topic>(); // topic folder -> topic, for meta.ts
const phases = new Map<string, Phase>(); // phase folder -> phase, for meta.ts
const vacated = new Set<string>(); // folders a page moved out of; removed below if empty
const redirects: string[] = []; // `{ from: "/<num>", to: "/<topic>/<slug>" }` rows, numeric order
const tags = new Map<string, TopicTag>(); // every tag slug any problem page carries -> tag

for (const sol of ordered) {
  const langs = Object.keys(sol.code).sort().join("+");
  const workRef = `${sol.num}.${sol.slug} (${langs})`;
  // (0N-<phase>)/<topic>/(problems)/ folder (the topic is a real route segment,
  // so its index.mdx is the landing page; `(problems)` adds none) +
  // leetcode-number prefix: numeric sidebar order, prefix stripped from the URL.
  const topic = topics.get(sol.num) ??
    topicByName.get(sol.category) ?? { name: sol.category };
  const dir = topicDir(topic);
  groups.set(dir, topic);
  if (topic.phase) phases.set(phaseDir(topic.phase), topic.phase);
  const name = `${dir}/${sol.num}_${sol.slug}.mdx`;
  const existing = pages.get(sol.num);
  await mkdir(join(DOCS, dirname(name)), { recursive: true });

  let written: string; // the page as it stands after this run, for its topics
  if (existing) {
    const page = await Bun.file(join(DOCS, existing)).text();
    const at = page.indexOf("## Solution");
    if (at === -1) {
      report.push([workRef, existing, "ERROR: no '## Solution' heading"]);
      continue;
    }
    const tail = page.slice(solutionEnd(page, at));
    const body =
      page.slice(0, at) + solutionSection(sol) + (tail ? `\n${tail}` : "");
    const next = await ensureIssue(
      await ensureTopics(ensureIcon(ensureLabel(body, sol.header)), sol),
      sol,
    );
    const actions: string[] = [];
    if (existing !== name) {
      await rename(join(DOCS, existing), join(DOCS, name));
      vacated.add(dirname(existing));
      actions.push("moved");
    }
    if (next !== page) {
      await Bun.write(join(DOCS, name), next);
      actions.push("updated");
    }
    report.push([workRef, name, actions.join(" + ") || "skipped (in sync)"]);
    written = next;
  } else {
    const page = renderPage(
      sol,
      await fetchTopicTags(sol),
      await issueUrl(sol),
    );
    await Bun.write(join(DOCS, name), page);
    report.push([workRef, name, "created"]);
    written = page;
  }
  for (const tag of frontmatterTopics(written)) tags.set(tag.slug, tag);
  // The route drops the phase `(group)` and the page's number prefix.
  redirects.push(
    `  { from: "/${sol.num}", to: ${JSON.stringify(`/${slugify(topic.name)}/${sol.slug}`)} },`,
  );
}

// Script-owned short links, one per page; imported by blume.config.ts.
{
  const module = [
    "// Generated by `bun run sync` (apps/cli/sync.ts) — do not edit.",
    "// `/leetcode/<num>` → that problem's page; exact paths, base added by Blume.",
    "export default [",
    ...redirects,
    "];",
    "",
  ].join("\n");
  if (
    !(await Bun.file(REDIRECTS).exists()) ||
    (await Bun.file(REDIRECTS).text()) !== module
  ) {
    await Bun.write(REDIRECTS, module);
    report.push([
      `${redirects.length} redirects`,
      "apps/docs/redirects.ts",
      "written",
    ]);
  }
}

// Every carried tag no campaign topic teaches is an Appendix term, filed by
// hand in apps/docs/appendix.ts: warn about the gaps and the dead weight. A
// term's icon is also the icon on every problem-page badge linking to its
// card, so it must not be a topic group's (`TOPIC_ICONS`), so a term badge
// never reads as a topic's, nor another term's.
for (const tag of [...tags.values()].sort((a, b) =>
  a.slug.localeCompare(b.slug),
)) {
  if (!TOPIC_LANDINGS[tag.slug] && !APPENDIX[tag.slug])
    console.warn(
      `tag ${tag.slug}: no Appendix term; add ${JSON.stringify(tag.name)} to apps/docs/appendix.ts`,
    );
}
const topicIcons = new Set(Object.values(TOPIC_ICONS));
const termIcons = new Map<string, string>(); // icon -> the term that took it first
for (const [slug, term] of Object.entries(APPENDIX)) {
  if (TOPIC_LANDINGS[slug])
    console.warn(
      `appendix ${slug}: a campaign topic teaches it now; delete its term`,
    );
  if (topicIcons.has(term.icon))
    console.warn(
      `appendix ${slug}: icon ${JSON.stringify(term.icon)} is a topic's (TOPIC_ICONS); pick another`,
    );
  else if (termIcons.has(term.icon))
    console.warn(
      `appendix ${slug}: icon ${JSON.stringify(term.icon)} is ${termIcons.get(term.icon)}'s too; pick another`,
    );
  else termIcons.set(term.icon, slug);
}

// Phase metas: created when missing (an empty file counts as missing), never
// rewritten, so a renamed phase title survives every sync.
for (const [dir, phase] of phases) {
  const file = Bun.file(join(DOCS, dir, "meta.ts"));
  if ((await file.exists()) && file.size > 0) continue;
  await Bun.write(file, phaseMeta(phase));
  report.push([`phase ${phase.order}`, `${dir}/meta.ts`, "created"]);
}

// Script-owned folder metas — one per live topic folder — rewritten only when
// they differ.
const metas: [label: string, dir: string, meta: string][] = [...groups].map(
  ([dir, topic]) => [`topic ${topic.order ?? "-"}`, dir, groupMeta(topic)],
);
for (const [label, dir, meta] of metas) {
  const path = join(DOCS, dir, "meta.ts");
  if ((await Bun.file(path).exists()) && (await Bun.file(path).text()) === meta)
    continue;
  await Bun.write(path, meta);
  report.push([label, `${dir}/meta.ts`, "written"]);
}

// A folder every page left behind is dead: drop its meta and the folder itself,
// then the phase folder above it if that emptied too. A folder that still holds
// anything else (a hand-written index.mdx, another topic) stops the climb.
for (const start of vacated) {
  for (let dir = start; dir !== "."; dir = dirname(dir)) {
    if (groups.has(dir) || phases.has(dir)) break;
    let left: string[];
    try {
      left = await readdir(join(DOCS, dir));
    } catch {
      break; // already removed via a sibling's climb
    }
    if (left.some((f) => f !== "meta.ts")) break;
    if (left.length) await unlink(join(DOCS, dir, "meta.ts"));
    await rmdir(join(DOCS, dir));
    report.push(["", dir, "removed (empty)"]);
  }
}

const w0 = Math.max(...report.map((r) => r[0].length), 9);
const w1 = Math.max(...report.map((r) => r[1].length), 9);
console.log(`${"work file".padEnd(w0)}  ${"docs page".padEnd(w1)}  status`);
console.log(`${"─".repeat(w0)}  ${"─".repeat(w1)}  ${"─".repeat(20)}`);
for (const [a, b, c] of report)
  console.log(`${a.padEnd(w0)}  ${b.padEnd(w1)}  ${c}`);