---
title: Transactions
description: Transaction types, fee structures, and token mechanics for SNR within the Sonr network
sidebarTitle: Broadcast Transactions
icon: "send"
---
## Overview
SNR token transactions power the revolutionary Sonr ecosystem, enabling gasless onboarding, stake-based service registration, and UCAN-authorized operations. The unique architecture allows for both traditional fee-based transactions and innovative gasless user experiences.
Sonr features both traditional fee-based transactions and revolutionary
gasless operations like vault claiming, enabling zero-barrier user onboarding
while maintaining network security through economic incentives.
## Transaction Types
### Basic Transfers
The foundation of the SNR economy consists of peer-to-peer token transfers:
Direct SNR transfers between addresses with minimal gas fees
Batch transfers to multiple recipients in a single transaction
Time-locked transfers with vesting or release conditions
### Module-Specific Transactions
Each Sonr core module enables specialized transaction types with specific SNR token requirements:
#### Service Module (x/svc) Transactions
- **MsgRegisterService**: Register a new service with TLD domain verification and capability requests
- **MsgUpdateService**: Update service metadata or request additional permissions
- **DNS Verification**: Simple DNS TXT record verification for domain ownership
- **Stake Requirements**: Services must stake SNR tokens based on requested capabilities
#### DWN Module (x/dwn) Transactions
- **MsgClaimVault**: **Gasless** transaction for claiming user vaults during onboarding
- **Vault Configuration Updates**: Paid transactions for advanced vault settings and WASM runtime upgrades
- **Cross-Chain Operations**: SNR fees for multi-chain vault management and bridging
- **MPC Operations**: Transaction fees for multi-party computation within secure enclaves
#### UCAN Module (x/ucan) Transactions
- **MsgIssueRootCapability**: Request MPC threshold signing for root capability tokens
- **MsgSubmitThresholdShare**: Validators submit MPC shares for capability creation
- **MsgRevokeCapability**: Revoke previously issued capability tokens on-chain
- **Delegation Chain Processing**: Computational fees for validating complex authorization chains
#### DID Module (x/did) Transactions
- **DID Registration**: Fees for creating new decentralized identifiers
- **MsgLinkAuthentication**: Add WebAuthn credentials or other authentication methods
- **MsgLinkAssertion**: Link identity claims and verifications to DIDs
- **MsgExecuteTx**: Execute UCAN-authorized transactions on behalf of DIDs
## Fee Structure
### Dual Fee Model
Sonr implements a revolutionary dual fee model supporting both traditional gas fees and gasless operations:
```math
\text{Fee} = \begin{cases}
0 & \text{for gasless operations (vault claiming)} \\
\text{Base Cost} + (\text{Gas Used} \times \text{Gas Price}) & \text{for standard transactions}
\end{cases}
```
While basic vault claiming is gasless, advanced operations like service
registration, MPC signing, and cross-chain transactions require SNR tokens for
network security and spam prevention.
### Fee Components
Multi-party computation costs for threshold signing and capability issuance
Service registration fees that are burned or sent to community pool
IBC and InterchainAccount transaction costs for bridgeless operations
DID registration, authentication linking, and credential management
### Economic Mechanisms
The network implements sophisticated economic mechanisms:
1. **Gasless Subsidies**: Network subsidizes vault claiming for zero-barrier onboarding
2. **Stake-Based Pricing**: Service registration costs scale with capability requests
3. **MPC Rewards**: Validators earn additional fees for threshold signing participation
4. **Deflationary Pressure**: Service registration fees are burned, reducing total supply
## Transaction Lifecycle
### Gasless Vault Claiming Flow
```mermaid
graph LR
A[WebAuthn Creation] --> B[Client-Side Vault Config]
B --> C[Submit MsgClaimVault]
C --> D[Network Subsidy Check]
D --> E[Gasless Execution]
E --> F[Vault Active]
```
### Service Registration Flow
```mermaid
graph LR
A[DNS Verification] --> B[Stake Calculation]
B --> C[MsgRegisterService]
C --> D[Capability Request]
D --> E[MPC Signing]
E --> F[Root UCAN Issued]
```
### UCAN Authorization Flow
```mermaid
graph LR
A[Service Request] --> B[Capability Check]
B --> C[User Approval]
C --> D[UCAN Creation]
D --> E[Delegation Chain]
E --> F[Authorized Execution]
```
### Standard Transaction Processing
1. **UCAN Validation**: Check authorization tokens and delegation chains
2. **Module Routing**: Route to appropriate module (svc, dwn, ucan, did)
3. **MPC Coordination**: Multi-party computation for sensitive operations
4. **State Updates**: Update module-specific state and emit events
5. **Fee Distribution**: Distribute fees to validators, burn pool, and treasury
## Advanced Features
### UCAN-Powered Automation
Enable sophisticated authorization patterns:
Services receive granular, time-limited permissions from users
Motr Vaults execute pre-authorized actions without user intervention
Recurring payments and service interactions through UCAN tokens
### Multi-Party Computation Integration
Leverage MPC for secure operations:
- **Threshold Signing**: Validators collaborate to issue root capabilities
- **Key Sharding**: No single point of failure for vault key management
- **Secure Enclaves**: WASM-based computation with hardware security
- **Privacy Preservation**: Zero-knowledge proofs for sensitive operations
### Cross-Module Interactions
Transactions can interact with multiple Sonr modules in powerful combinations:
```typescript
// Example: Complete user onboarding with service registration
const tx = {
messages: [
// DID Module: Create decentralized identity
{
type: "did/MsgCreateDID",
creator: "sonr1abc...",
document: didDocument,
webauthnCredential: credential,
},
// DWN Module: Claim gasless vault
{
type: "dwn/MsgClaimVault",
creator: "did:sonr:alice123",
vaultConfig: vaultCID,
mpcThreshold: 3,
},
// Service Module: Register domain service
{
type: "svc/MsgRegisterService",
creator: "did:sonr:alice123",
domain: "alice-app.com",
capabilities: ["dwn:read", "dwn:write"],
stakeAmount: "5000usnr",
},
// UCAN Module: Request root capability
{
type: "ucan/MsgIssueRootCapability",
issuer: "did:sonr:alice123",
audience: "alice-app.com",
capabilities: ["service:register"],
},
],
fee: {
amount: [{ denom: "usnr", amount: "5000" }], // Only service registration fee
gasLimit: "500000",
},
memo: "Complete onboarding: Identity + Vault + Service + Capabilities",
};
// Example: Cross-chain payment automation
const paymentTx = {
messages: [
// UCAN: Validate payment authority
{
type: "ucan/MsgValidateCapability",
token: ucanPaymentToken,
requestedAction: "payment:send",
},
// DID: Execute authorized transaction
{
type: "did/MsgExecuteTx",
signer: "did:sonr:alice123",
targetChain: "osmosis-1",
transaction: swapTransaction,
authorization: ucanToken,
},
],
};
```
## Performance Optimization
### Module-Specific Batching
Optimize transactions by batching within module boundaries:
1. **DWN Operations**: Batch vault updates and data operations
2. **Service Operations**: Group domain verifications and capability requests
3. **UCAN Processing**: Batch capability validations and delegation chains
4. **Cross-Chain Coordination**: Bundle InterchainAccount operations
### Gasless Operation Prioritization
Sonr prioritizes gasless operations to enhance user experience:
Gasless vault claiming is prioritized by validators to enable zero-friction
onboarding. Service registration and MPC operations use dynamic pricing based
on network demand and stake requirements.
### MPC Coordination Efficiency
Multi-party computation operations are optimized for performance:
```typescript
// MPC threshold signing optimization
interface MPCOptimization {
parallelShares: boolean; // Generate shares in parallel
precomputedCommitments: boolean; // Cache commitments
batchSigning: boolean; // Sign multiple capabilities together
networkSharding: boolean; // Distribute computation load
}
```
## Security Considerations
### Module-Specific Security
- **DID Security**: WebAuthn hardware-backed authentication prevents identity theft
- **UCAN Validation**: Cryptographic proof chains ensure capability authenticity
- **Vault Isolation**: MPC key sharding prevents single points of failure
- **Service Reputation**: Stake-based trust system deters malicious actors
### Zero-Knowledge Privacy
Sonr implements privacy-preserving transaction patterns:
```typescript
// Privacy-preserving operations
interface PrivacyFeatures {
zkProofs: {
ageVerification: boolean; // Prove age without revealing birthdate
balanceProofs: boolean; // Prove sufficient funds without amounts
reputationProofs: boolean; // Prove service quality without data
};
selectiveDisclosure: {
didDocuments: boolean; // Share only necessary identity claims
vaultData: boolean; // Controlled data access permissions
paymentHistory: boolean; // Private transaction records
};
}
```
### Best Practices for Sonr Transactions
1. **UCAN Validation**: Always verify capability tokens before execution
2. **MPC Coordination**: Ensure threshold requirements are met
3. **Gasless Limits**: Monitor gasless operation quotas and fallbacks
4. **Cross-Chain Safety**: Validate IBC channel security and timeouts
## Fee Distribution
SNR transaction fees are distributed to align network incentives:
Block proposers and MPC threshold signers receive primary rewards
Service registration fees burned for deflationary pressure
Development and ecosystem growth funds
Funds vault claiming and onboarding operations
Cross-chain message delivery and InterchainAccount operations
### Module-Specific Fee Sources
```typescript
// Fee sources by module
interface ModuleFees {
svc: {
domainRegistration: "25% to burn, 75% to validators";
capabilityRequests: "Deposit-based, refundable on completion";
stakeSlashing: "100% to community treasury";
};
dwn: {
vaultClaiming: "Gasless (subsidized by treasury)";
storageOperations: "Standard gas fees";
mpcOperations: "Premium fees for computation";
};
ucan: {
rootCapabilityIssuance: "MPC coordination fees";
delegationValidation: "Minimal computational costs";
revocations: "Standard gas fees";
};
did: {
didRegistration: "One-time identity creation fee";
credentialLinking: "WebAuthn integration costs";
crossChainExecution: "IBC and InterchainAccount fees";
};
}
```
## Future Enhancements
### Revolutionary Capabilities in Development
- **AI-Powered Automation**: Natural language transaction commands through Motr Vault agents
- **Predictive Authorization**: Pre-approve expected transactions based on user patterns
- **W3C Payment Handler**: Native browser integration for seamless Web2/Web3 payments
- **Subscription Automation**: Recurring payments through UCAN capability delegation
- **Privacy-First Operations**: Full zero-knowledge transaction processing
- **Hardware Enclave Integration**: Dedicated Sonr hardware for enhanced security
- **Cross-Chain DeFi**: Seamless DeFi operations across all supported chains
- **Social Recovery Networks**: Trustless account recovery through guardian systems
### Standards-Based Interoperability
Building on open standards for maximum compatibility:
```typescript
// Future standards integration
interface FutureStandards {
w3cCompliance: {
paymentHandlerAPI: "Native browser payment integration";
webauthnLevel3: "Enhanced biometric authentication";
didCore2: "Next-generation identity standards";
};
crossChainStandards: {
ibcV2: "Enhanced cross-chain capabilities";
cosmwasmCompatibility: "Universal smart contract execution";
evmIntegration: "Ethereum Virtual Machine support";
};
privacyStandards: {
zkStarks: "Scalable zero-knowledge proofs";
selectiveDisclosure: "W3C verifiable credentials";
confidentialComputing: "Hardware-backed privacy";
};
}
```