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config(git,claude,ssh): templated gitconfig; claude settings/commands/hooks/skills; ssh config
gitconfig: name/email from chezmoi data, gh credential helper by PATH lookup (portable to darwin). claude: no credentials, history, projects, sessions, or plugin caches. ssh config as private_ (0600). Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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# DO Storage Patterns & Best Practices
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## Schema Migration
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**Note:** `PRAGMA user_version` is **not supported** in Durable Objects SQLite storage. Use a `_sql_schema_migrations` table instead:
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```typescript
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export class MyDurableObject extends DurableObject {
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constructor(ctx: DurableObjectState, env: Env) {
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super(ctx, env);
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this.sql = ctx.storage.sql;
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this.sql.exec(`
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CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS _sql_schema_migrations (
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id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
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applied_at TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now'))
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)
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`);
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const ver = this.sql
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.exec<{ version: number }>("SELECT COALESCE(MAX(id), 0) as version FROM _sql_schema_migrations")
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.one().version;
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if (ver < 1) {
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this.sql.exec(`CREATE TABLE users(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)`);
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this.sql.exec("INSERT INTO _sql_schema_migrations (id) VALUES (1)");
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}
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if (ver < 2) {
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this.sql.exec(`ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN email TEXT`);
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this.sql.exec("INSERT INTO _sql_schema_migrations (id) VALUES (2)");
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}
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}
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}
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```
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For production apps, consider [`durable-utils`](https://github.com/lambrospetrou/durable-utils#sqlite-schema-migrations) — provides a `SQLSchemaMigrations` class that tracks executed migrations both in memory and in storage. Also see [`@cloudflare/actors` storage utilities](https://github.com/cloudflare/actors/blob/main/packages/storage/src/sql-schema-migrations.ts) — a reference implementation of the same pattern used by the Cloudflare Actors framework.
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## In-Memory Caching
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```typescript
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export class UserCache extends DurableObject {
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cache = new Map<string, User>();
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async getUser(id: string): Promise<User | undefined> {
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if (this.cache.has(id)) {
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const cached = this.cache.get(id);
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if (cached) return cached;
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}
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const user = await this.ctx.storage.get<User>(`user:${id}`);
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if (user) this.cache.set(id, user);
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return user;
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}
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async updateUser(id: string, data: Partial<User>) {
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const updated = { ...await this.getUser(id), ...data };
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this.cache.set(id, updated);
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await this.ctx.storage.put(`user:${id}`, updated);
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return updated;
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}
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}
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```
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## Rate Limiting
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```typescript
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export class RateLimiter extends DurableObject {
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async checkLimit(key: string, limit: number, window: number): Promise<boolean> {
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const now = Date.now();
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this.sql.exec('DELETE FROM requests WHERE key = ? AND timestamp < ?', key, now - window);
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const count = this.sql.exec('SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM requests WHERE key = ?', key).one().count;
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if (count >= limit) return false;
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this.sql.exec('INSERT INTO requests (key, timestamp) VALUES (?, ?)', key, now);
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return true;
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}
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}
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```
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## Batch Processing with Alarms
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```typescript
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export class BatchProcessor extends DurableObject {
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pending: string[] = [];
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async addItem(item: string) {
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this.pending.push(item);
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if (!await this.ctx.storage.getAlarm()) await this.ctx.storage.setAlarm(Date.now() + 5000);
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}
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async alarm() {
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const items = [...this.pending];
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this.pending = [];
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this.sql.exec(`INSERT INTO processed_items (item, timestamp) VALUES ${items.map(() => "(?, ?)").join(", ")}`, ...items.flatMap(item => [item, Date.now()]));
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}
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}
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```
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## Initialization Pattern
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```typescript
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export class Counter extends DurableObject {
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value: number;
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constructor(ctx: DurableObjectState, env: Env) {
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super(ctx, env);
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ctx.blockConcurrencyWhile(async () => { this.value = (await ctx.storage.get("value")) || 0; });
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}
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async increment() {
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this.value++;
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this.ctx.storage.put("value", this.value); // Don't await (output gate protects)
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return this.value;
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}
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}
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```
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## Safe Counter / Optimized Write
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```typescript
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// Input gate blocks other requests
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async getUniqueNumber(): Promise<number> {
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let val = await this.ctx.storage.get("counter");
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await this.ctx.storage.put("counter", val + 1);
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return val;
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}
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// No await on write - output gate delays response until write confirms
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async increment(): Promise<Response> {
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let val = await this.ctx.storage.get("counter");
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this.ctx.storage.put("counter", val + 1);
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return new Response(String(val));
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}
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```
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## Parent-Child Coordination
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Hierarchical DO pattern where parent manages child DOs:
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```typescript
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// Parent DO coordinates children
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export class Workspace extends DurableObject {
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async createDocument(name: string): Promise<string> {
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const docId = crypto.randomUUID();
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const childId = this.env.DOCUMENT.idFromName(`${this.ctx.id.toString()}:${docId}`);
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const childStub = this.env.DOCUMENT.get(childId);
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await childStub.initialize(name);
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// Track child in parent storage
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this.sql.exec('INSERT INTO documents (id, name, created) VALUES (?, ?, ?)',
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docId, name, Date.now());
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return docId;
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}
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async listDocuments(): Promise<string[]> {
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return this.sql.exec('SELECT id FROM documents').toArray().map(r => r.id);
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}
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}
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// Child DO
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export class Document extends DurableObject {
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async initialize(name: string) {
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this.sql.exec('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS content(key TEXT PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)');
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this.sql.exec('INSERT INTO content VALUES (?, ?)', 'name', name);
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}
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}
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```
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## Write Coalescing Pattern
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Multiple writes to same key coalesce atomically (last write wins):
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```typescript
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async updateMetrics(userId: string, actions: Action[]) {
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// All writes coalesce - no await needed
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for (const action of actions) {
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this.ctx.storage.put(`user:${userId}:lastAction`, action.type);
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this.ctx.storage.put(`user:${userId}:count`,
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await this.ctx.storage.get(`user:${userId}:count`) + 1);
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}
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// Output gate ensures all writes confirm before response
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return new Response("OK");
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}
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// Atomic batch with SQL
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async batchUpdate(items: Item[]) {
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this.sql.exec('BEGIN');
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for (const item of items) {
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this.sql.exec('INSERT OR REPLACE INTO items VALUES (?, ?)', item.id, item.value);
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}
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this.sql.exec('COMMIT');
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}
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```
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## Cleanup
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```typescript
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async cleanup() {
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await this.ctx.storage.deleteAlarm(); // Separate from deleteAll
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await this.ctx.storage.deleteAll();
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}
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```
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