feat(work): add solution for LeetCode 973 K Closest Points to Origin

work/1/Medium/Array/973.k-closest-points-to-origin.py

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+"""
+973. K Closest Points to Origin
+Difficulty: Medium
+https://leetcode.com/problems/k-closest-points-to-origin/
+
+──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+Given an array of points where points[i] = [xi, yi] represents a
+point on the X-Y plane and an integer k, return the k closest points
+to the origin (0, 0).
+
+The distance between two points on the X-Y plane is the Euclidean
+distance (i.e., √(x1 - x2)^2 + (y1 - y2)^2).
+
+You may return the answer in any order. The answer is guaranteed to
+be unique (except for the order that it is in).
+
+
+
+Example 1:
+
+Input: points = [[1,3],[-2,2]], k = 1
+Output: [[-2,2]]
+Explanation:
+The distance between (1, 3) and the origin is sqrt(10).
+The distance between (-2, 2) and the origin is sqrt(8).
+Since sqrt(8) < sqrt(10), (-2, 2) is closer to the origin.
+We only want the closest k = 1 points from the origin, so the answer
+is just [[-2,2]].
+
+Example 2:
+
+Input: points = [[3,3],[5,-1],[-2,4]], k = 2
+Output: [[3,3],[-2,4]]
+Explanation: The answer [[-2,4],[3,3]] would also be accepted.
+
+
+
+Constraints:
+
+        • 1 <= k <= points.length <= 10^4
+
+        • -10^4 <= xi, yi <= 10^4
+"""
+
+import heapq
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def kClosest(self, points: List[List[int]], k: int) -> List[List[int]]:
+        minHeap = []
+        for x, y in points:
+            dist = (x**2) + (y**2)
+            minHeap.append([dist, x, y])
+
+        heapq.heapify(minHeap)
+        res = []
+
+        while k > 0:
+            dist, x, y = heapq.heappop(minHeap)
+            res.append([x, y])
+            k -= 1
+
+        return res